Carburetor



March 1926.

1,576,257 c. T. TORRESEN ET AL CARBURETOR Filed oct. 29, 1921 zsheets-sheet 1 @PZA/P01225 c. T. TORRE-SEN ET AL March 9 1926.

CARBURETOR Fied oct. 29, 1921 l 2 sheetsfsheet 2 Patented Mar. 9, 17926.i

turen stars- `arsurk Aortica,

(maar. T. Teunissen, on cnnvntannonro, ann canarias e. neen, or reenCITY, montana. Y. y

CARBURETOR.

i Application filed October 29, 1921. Serial No. 511,309.

To @ZZ whom t may concern: either to the fuel line, or to theA intakemani- 55 Be it known that we, Canna T. Tonensnn fold. This arrangementis advantageous and Cuantas G. Borri, citizens of the because ofthe-fact that much difficulty is United States, residing at Cleveland,Ohio, ordinarily experienced in disconnecting a and Ford City, Michigan,respectively, in carburetor, due to the inaccessibility of the thecounties of Cuyahoga and Wayne, re# connecting devices and theliabilityto strain 60 spectively, have invented a certainnew and thefuel line. j useful improvement in Carburetors, d'f In carrying-out ourinvention, we employ which the following is a full, clear, and what maybe called a three-piece construcl0 exact description, reference beinghad to tion as embodied in a bowl,'a barrel and a the accompanyingdrawings, throttle, and we so arrange the throttle that 65 Thisinvention is concerned particularly correct proportions of fuel andv airare sewith simplification in carburetor-s and has cured for all speedsof the engine. This for one of its objects the provision of a throttleis in effect an automatic mixer and cheaply constructed carburetor vofvery few regulator, while it is adapted to be conparts and easily setadjustments and so arktrolled by the opera-tor in the same man- 70ranged that a proper fuel mixture is atner as is the customary butterfiyvalve. The

' tained irrespective of the speed at which particular relation betweenthe various ports the engine operates. in the throttle constitutes animportant fea- In connection with the adjustment of earture of ourinvention and the relation be-` buretors in use `at the present time,much tween the size of the air ports to thezfuel 75 difficulty has beenexperienced in obtainports is an important factor in securing a ing anadjustment which provides an efiiproper combustible mixture. cientmint-ure for all speeds of the engine. The means for accomplishing .theabove Frequently complex air and liquid mutual kobjects will be morefully setforth in the adjustments are necessary, and sometimesfollowing'description which pertains to the 80 two spray nozzles andintricate passageways drawings, vand the essential features of our areemployed to attain the desired result. invention will be summarized inthe claims. Furthermore, adjustments necessary to. In the drawings, Fig.1 is an elevation .Y

3 maintain the carburetor in proper working partly in section of acarburetor embodying action with changes in temperature, diffeatures ofour invention; Fig. 2 is a plan S5 ferences in altitude, etc., usuallyrequire view of the carburetor shown in Fig. V1, numerous parts andconsiderable periodic at- Fig. 3 is a vertical section takenlongituditention. nally through the carburetor; Fig, 1 is a In ordertherefore, to overcome the obtransverse section taken on the line 4-1jections heretofore set forth, our invention in Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 is ahorizontal section 90 contemplates the provision of a carburetor takenon the linev 5-5 in Fig. 3.

which is exceedingly simple in construction, Designating the parts shownin the drawin that the number of parts is materially ings by the use ofVreference characters, 1Q

reduced, and in that such parts or elements represents an intakemanifold of an internal utilized are so simple as to be readilycacombustion engine to which our carburetor 95 pable of being takenapart, as for cleaning may be secured; while 11 and 12 representpurposes. the air, and fuel intake lines, respectively.

` Another object of our invention is the The carburetor proper,-comprises in general provision of a throttle which is arranged a bowl13, a barrel 14, and athrottle 15, all

to control the proportions of air to fuel of which are castings and asshownin the 100 as the engine speed is varied, whereby the drawings, arecapable of being easily con# carburetor works efiiciently at idlingspeeds structed and readily assembled. j

` without further adjustment for running The bowl 13 comprises a hollowreceptacle. speeds. or float chamber, the lower end of which is Stillanother object of our invention is provided with avalve seat 16 which isadapt- 105 the construction of a carburetor which pered to be engaged bya valve 17, which in turn mits the operative elements to be disconiscontrolled by the fioat 18. A,passagewayy nected without breaking theconnection 19 extends downwardly'k from the valve 17Y vsa thereto byscrews 25, is a barrel 14 which' comprises Fa tubular member having oneend as at 26, open to the atmosphere and provided with a choke valve 27,and the other end provided with a flange v28 for enabling thecarburetor'tobe secured to the intake manifold 10. The central portionof the bowl is preferably formed to receive a cylindrical throttle 15which, as will be hereinafter described, controls notl only the correctproportions of air and fuel, but also the quantity of such mixtureflowing through the engine. Accordingly, the barrelforms a gas-tightconnection as at 28, 29 and 30 with the throttle, while still permittingit to be revolved therein. Y Y

The throttle 15 is preferably held in frictional engagement with thebarrel by means of a spring retainer 30, one end of which is securedat31 to the barrel and the other end to the center of the throttle as bymeans of a projection 32 engaging a corresponding recess 33. Theretainer is shown as having a portion thereof adjacent the screw 31, asat 39, extending over the throttle. This extended portion prevents thethrottle from being tlno-wn out of the barrel in case of back-firing.The throttle may be equipped with an arm 34 for receiving the controllever 351 which inturn is.

adapted-to be connected with an accelerator lever (not shown) or a handthrottlelever for manual operation. A suitable adjusting screw 36 may beemployed for engaging a post 37 and for limiting the angular movement ofthe throttle, in one direction and a lug 38 may be employed for limitingthe movement in the opposite direction.

The throttle 15 constitutes a regulating medium for controlling the fueladmitted to the engine, and for controlling the proportions of air andfuel in such mixture. This is attained by providing an air inlet port 40which is shown adjacent the end 26 of the barrel 14. The-preferred formfor constructing vthis port is shown in Figs. 3 to 5 as comprising arecess having yvertical walls 41 and 42, which are of unequal height andare connected by an inclined wall 43. These walls 4l and 42 are sopositioned that the longer wall 42 is adjacent lthe choke valve 27 whenthe throttle is in closed position, as shown by the dot and dash linesin F ig. 5.

On' the opposite side of the air port, we provide another port 44 whichas shown in Fig. 1 comprises a circular aperture extending from thebottom nearly to the top of the throttle. The port 44 is so arranged,

. as the throttle is opened.

that a portion thereof is open even though the throttle is moved to itsclosed position, and the particular shape of the port, is such'as torapidly increase the area and, accordingly, the quantity of fluidadmitted There is however, afurther relation between the areas of theports 4() and 44 in that, as the average height of the trapezoidalopening 40 is diminished (which is occasioned by opening the throttle,)the height of the opening 44 is increased. In this way, the suctionwithin the throttle is relatively increased, and more fluid is drawnthrough the respective liquid fuel passageways, whereby the mixturewhich ordinarily would be made leaner as the engine speed is increasedis now kept uniform.

'As fuel enters the fluid chamber in the bowl 13, it passes laterallyand at an oblique angle through the port 50 and enters a passageway 51whiclr extends upwardly to the top of the bowl and communicates with apassageway 52 in the 'barrel 14. The pasageway 50 extends preferably atan angle of GOO from the bowl and is of such size that the flow of fuelwould be suflicient at greatest throttle opening. The passageway 52 isshown as being arcuate inform to correspond with the contour of thebarrel adjacent the bowl, and as having a series of minute passageways53 extending therefrom at an oblique angle and connnunicating with theinterior of the barreh rThese passageways as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 rareseparated and are so arranged as to terminate in. that portion ofthebarrel which is adapted to be traversed by the throttle. In this way, asthe throttle is moved in one direction, .it successively uncovers theports to-admit a greater quantity of fluid, and conversely', when thethrottle is moved inthe opposite direction, to restrict the passage offuel into the barrel. By so proportioning the arca of the respectivepassageways 53l tothe area in the port 40, we may obtain a mixture whichisVV operative at all engine speeds for producing most efficientcombustion.

To enable the carburet-er to be operative while the throttle is moved tothe position shown in the dot and dash lines in Fig. 5, we provide anair portv which is shown as a rectangular passageway extending throughthe wall of the throttle7 and we have also` shown a regulating screw inthe forni of a plunger for adjusting the-area of the passageway 55'inaccordance with the engine requirements. A suitable locking means forretaining the plunger in adjusted., position is embodied in a cotterpin57 which extends through the lug 58, and enters a slot 59 in the upperend of the plunger. InA this idling'A position of the throttle, theadjusting` screw 36 .is so regulated, that the end fuel passageway 54remains uncovered.

VFor enabling the carburetor to be choked,

shaft 60 within kthe barrel 14, and we` have shown such valve. as beingheld normally in open position by means of a springtl, which urges a lug62 on a `bell-crank lever (33 into engagement with a stop 64. A suitablechoke lever (353 maybe connected to the dashboard for manual operationwhen desired. i y V f*il/linie we have explained the construction of ourcarburetor as actuated for permitting air to flow across the fuel intakepassagew.ays, either through the ports4() or 55, provision has been madefor admittii'ig primary air with liquid fuel through the passageway4 51.rlhis is accomplished by extending a pai'sageway 70 in the bowl 13 at anoblique angle with the passageway 51, and by providing anotherpassageway'72 in the barrel which registers with thepassageway 71, asshown in Fig. `4. The upper end of the pas;ageway 71 preferablycommunica-.tes through an oblique passageway 72 with the interior of thebarrel adjacent the choke valve. Here, too, a regulating screw 73 isemployedv for adjusting the amount lof air admitted through theauxiliary passagewL ys 70 and 71, and thereby adjusting; the quantity ofgasoline, thus dispensing with the necessity for a needle valve. o

Then the engine is operated at slow speeds, that is, when the throttleis in the position shown in dot and dash lines, in Fig. 5, then air,linaddition to that flowing through the port 55, is caused to iow throughthe passageways 72, 71 and 70, and then upward through the passage A51and 4into the chamber 52. The air flowing through these passageways maybe called the primary air, which acts as an injector to carry liquidfuel fromthe oblique passageway into the vaporizing chamber. This actionis rendered more certain `by making the passageway 50 approximatelyone-half the size of the passageway 51. Ordinarily the air flowingthrough the passageway is sufficient for producing very efficientcombustion at low or idling speeds.

The operation of a carburetor constructed according to our invention isas follows L- Assuming that the carburetor is assembled and connectedboth to the supply line 12 and intake manifold 10, and assuming furtherthat liquid fuel has entered the bowl 13 to the extent permitted by thefloat-operated valve 17, then when the engine is first started, the rodG5 is pulled, whereupon the choke valve 27 is closed. Accordingly,liquid fuel vis then drawn in slugs up to the passageway 15, into thechamber 52, and thence through the oblique passageways 53, and into thatportion of the barrel adjacent the throttle 15, from whence it is drawninto the engine. After the engine has been started,v the rod v65 isreleasedpwhereupon the valveA 27 assumes its normal position by virtureof the `spring {i1-acting upon Iit.

Toidle the engine, thel throttle 15 isv movedto the position shown bythe dot and dashlines in Fig. 5 wherein passageway 54 f is open forpermitting fueltojenter the miX-. ing chamber. The ai-r forfsupportingcombustionwhile `the engine is idling, is supplied both through thepassageways 71V and 55 as heretofore described. The amount of airentering through the port however,

may be `regulated bymeans of a threaded plunger 5G, while air enteringthrough the passageway 7,1 mav becontrolled by means of an adjustingscrew 73.

To increase the speedof the engine, the

While the engine is operating at a moderate speed, air isbeing drawnthrough the passageways 72, 71 and 70, and through the port 55, so longas it remains uncovered byl the wall vof. the barrel. As soon as thethrottle is so moved that the port 55 is closed by the wall of thebarrel, then pracV tically all of the airpfor supporting combustioniscaused to enter through the main port 40.v Since the port 44 is disposedopposite the port 4Q, then as thethrottle is moved to admit a greaterquantity of fuel and air into the mixing chamber, it follows that theport 44 is simultaneously opened for allowing the mixture to enterthe'intake manifold, but since the available air port 44 opens morerapidly than the available port 40 the suction increases out ofproportion to the increase of the engine speed. Therefore, as thethrottle is opened for admitting a greater quantity of fuel, such fuelis automatically enriched to produce the most efficient combustion.

From the forego-ing description, it will beseen that we have provided acarburetor in which the number of operating parts are greatly reducedwithout rendering the fuel passages inaccessible for maintenance, andthat we have provided a carburetor which automatically controls theexact proportions of liquid fuel and air for all engine speeds uponoperation of a vsingle throttle lever, and in which the adjustments arereduced to a minimum, and the necessity for controlling the liquid fuelis eliminated. lIjlawing thus described our invention,.we c aim 1. Acarburetor having in combination aA ilo ing an air inlet-passagewayextendingup-l wardly from the bottom thereof and comso extending;upwardly from the bottom thereof, an auxiliary air inlet comprising anopening spaced from the/bottom of the member and a vertically extendingplunger in threaded engagement `'with the member for varying the activeairof the vauxiliary inlet. f

2. In a carburetor the combination with a liquid container, of an airconduit carried thereby, a fuel passageway extending laterally andupwardly from the container and terminating in a plurality of minutedischarge passageway-*s adjacent saidk conduit7 a primary air passagewayextending downwardly through the fuel passageway below the liquid `levelin said container and a manually operable. closure orsaid dischargepassageways, said closure having an inlet for secondary air. e

3. A carburetor' having 'in combination, a float chamber, an air conduitcarried by the chamber, a throttle disposed within said conduit andhaving two air inlet passageways communicating with thev air conduitand, a discharge passageway iorvcom-v bustiblemixture, a -fuelpassageway leading through the float chamberand terminating adjacent thethrottle in a plurality of spaced conduits, one of the air inletpassageways having its upper edge extending obliquely, the highest pointbeing for- 'ward when the throttle is being opened,

and the other air inlet comprising an aperture spaced above the bottomof the throttle and arranged to be opened when the rst mentioned inletisclosed, and said discharge passageway being adapted to be opened wheneither. of the inlet passageways are opened.

4. In a carburetor, the combination with a float chamber, of an airconduit positioned on said chamber and having a cylindrikair dischargepassageway therein so positioned as to be opened whenever either' orboth of the inlet passageways are opened, the discharge passageway andinlet passageways being' so shaped that the discharge passageway will beprogressively opened at a greater rate than the inlet passageways whenthe throttle is being opened.

-In testimony whereof, we hereunto alilx our signatures.

` CAREL T. TORRESEN.

CHARLESl G. ROTH.

